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The current RDA of vitamin C for nonsmoking women and
men is 75 mg and 90 mg, respectively. The totality of the reviewed data
suggests these dosages of vitamin C are optimal in this population both
as an essential nutrient as well as an effective antioxidant. Several
populations warrant special attention with respect to vitamin C
requirements. These include patients with periodontal disease, smokers,
pregnant and lactating women, and the elderly. However, even in
these subpopulations, the data do not support recommending the routine
daily intake of more than 200 mg of vitamin C. While higher dosages are
generally well tolerated, the tolerable upper level of vitamin C is 2 g.
Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice Vol. 5,
No. 2, Page 1-13 6/04
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Treatment
of chronic periodontal disease with dietary supplementation:
Glutathione And Periodontal
Disease. Nutritionalist Juliette Reeves investigates the
research surrounding the treatment of chronic periodontal disease with
dietary supplementation. For the majority of patients
variations in plaque levels provide the most significant determinant of
the disease. An increasing body of evidence is emerging to implicate
free radical activity in the pathogenesis of periodontal breakdown.(8)
Inadequate antioxidant availability could either predispose the host to
the disease, or modify the progression of a pre-existing disease. The
antioxidant micronutrients are important not only for limiting oxidative
damage and tissue damage, but also in preventing increased cytokine
production, which is a result of prolonged activation of the immune
response. Dietary antioxidants, and other enzymatic antioxidants protect
the lipids of lipoproteins and other biomembranes against oxidative
damage by intercepting oxidants before they can attack the
tissues. It is important to have an adequate antioxidant
intake from both the diet and supplementation, if needed, can be a
valuable adjunct in the treatment of chronic inflammatory periodontal
disease.
References
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2 Chapple I.L.C : Role of free radicals and antioxidants in the
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peroxidation following distance running. Arch. Bioch. .1990282:78-83 .
8 Waddington R.J et al: Reactive oxygen species: a potential role in the
pathogenesis of periodontal diseases. Oral Diseases 2000 ;
6:138-151.
9 Handelman HD., Packer L et al : Lipoic acid increases de novo
synthesis of cellular glutathione by improving cystine utilization.
Biofactors 1997;6(3) :321-38.
10 DeCaro, L et al :Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of oral
acetylcysteine in healthy volunteers; Drug Research 1989;39:382.
11 Acetylcysteine : Editorial The Lancet 1991; 337(8749): 1069-70
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